How do I deal with stalling opponents in competition?

Stalling opponents are frustrating because they try to win by doing as little as possible while running out the clock. Under IBJJF rules, stalling is penalized, but enforcement varies by referee. Your first strategy is to build an early point lead that forces them to engage. If they are ahead and stalling, you must create action. From standing, shoot takedowns or aggressively pull guard to force engagement. From guard, attack relentlessly with sweeps and submissions. From top, advance position actively. Make your offensive intent obvious to the referee by constantly moving and threatening. If your opponent is holding a position without attacking, look at the referee and gesture that they are stalling. Most referees will issue a warning, then penalties. The psychological battle against a staller is also important. Do not let their passivity frustrate you into making mistakes. Stay composed, maintain your game plan, and trust that the referee will penalize genuine stalling.